When you use others' ideas (paraphrases) and direct quotes, you must cite your source by including:
Author's last name
Publication year
(Only for direct quotes) Page number of the quote
The purpose of in-text citation is to direct the reader to the full citation on the References list, which will have the full publication details.
You are encouraged to write your in-text citations in several ways:
Author's last name and publication year in parentheses at the end of the sentence.
Author's name in the text with the publication year in parentheses after it.
Include the author's last name(s), with an ampersand if needed between the two; publication date; and page number(s).
Cite the author, publication year, and page numbers if needed.
In every citation, cite only the first author followed by "et al."
Cite the first few words of the source's entry in the Reference list, which is usually the title. The title will be italicized if it's italicized in the References list, or if it's not italicized, put it in "quotation marks" to identify it as the title here.
If at all possible, APA tells you to find the original source and cite that source directly.
However, if you cannot find the original source, you can cite the quote as a secondary source. Cite the quoted author in the text and the author of the article at the end. In this example, Jonsen and Willse are the authors of the source that you cannot retrieve (i.e. the secondary source), and Kosek is the author of the source that you have in-hand.
For short names where the abbreviation would not be readily understandable, write out the name each time. For long names where the abbreviation is familiar, write out the name with the acronym in brackets for the first reference, then use just the acronym.
However, the entry in the References list should still spell out the full name.
Order the citations alphabetically by the first author's last name.
For works by the same author, order them by publication year: give the last name once and then the dates.
Only cite interviews in-text, not on the references list.