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Full Research@UWW Search Box

Research@UWW

Key Elements

  1. Author
  2. "Web page title" (in quotes)
  3. Web site title (italicized)
  4. Publisher (if none, do not include)
  5. Date of last update (if none, do not include)
  6. Web site title (italicized) and either:
    • ​​DOI
    • Web site URL (no http) and date accessed

Webpage [5.31]

Use quotation marks around the webpage title and italicize the website title.

Include the Uniform Resource Locator (URL) from your browser address bar at the end.

Generally, include an access date if the work lacks a publication date, if it has been altered, or if it has been taken down/removed from the internet. [5.111]

Webpage, One Author, No Publication Date

General Format: Author’s last name comma first name period. Open quotation marks article title in title case period close quotation marks. website title in italics comma friendly url period. Accessed day abbreviated month period year period. Description of Citation: Buffet comma Warren period. Open quotation marks A Message From Warren E period Buffett comma CEO of Berkshire Hathaway Inc in title case. close quotation marks. Berkshire Hathaway in title case and italics comma berkshire hathaway period com forward slash message period html period. Accessed 9 Aug period 2023 period.

In-text Citation

Author Name(s) in Parenthetical Citation:

"Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese" (Buffet).

Author Name(s) in Your Text

According to Buffet, "Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese."

Webpage, Two Authors, Publication Date [5.31]

First author’s first name comma first author’s last name second author’s first name and second author’s last name period open quotes article title period closing quotes website title comma publication day abbreviated month and year comma u r l period. Description of Citation: Leppert comma Rebecca comma and Brian Kennedy period open quotes Home Solar Panel Adoption Continues to Rise in the US period closing quotes Pew Research Center in italics comma 14 Oct period 2022 comma https colon slash slash pewrsr period ch slash 3EFLetl period.

In-text Citation

Author Name(s) in Parenthetical Citation:

"Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese" (Leppert and Kennedy).

Author Name(s) in Your Text

According to Leppert and Kennedy, "Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese."

Webpage, No Author, No Publication Date

Since there is no author listed, begin with the webpage title.

General Format: Open quotation marks Article title in title case period close quotation marks. website title in title case and italics comma url period Accessed publication day month and year period. Description of Citation: Open quotation marks Suffrage in title case period close quotation marks. National Archives in title case and italics comma w w w period archives period gov forward slash. Women forward slash. Suffrage period. Accessed 17 June 2022 period.

In-text Citation

Author Name(s) in Parenthetical Citation:

"Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese" ("Suffrage").

Author Name(s) in Your Text

According to "Suffrage," "Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese."

Newspaper/News Website Article

The author name(s) are listed first. If no authors are listed, the article title in quotation marks is first.

At the end of the citation, include the article's stable/permanent link. If there is no stable link provided, use use the URL (uniform resource locator) from your browser's address bar.

General Format: Author’s last name comma first name Article title in quotation marks period newspaper title in italics comma publication day comma abbreviated month and year comma friendly url period Description of Citation: Parker dash Pope comma Tara period open quotation marks It apostrophe s OK to Grieve for the Small Losses of a Lost Year period close quotation marks. New York Times in title case and italics comma 18 comma Mar period 2021 comma w w w period nytimes period com forward slash 2021 forward slash 03 forward slash 15 forward slash well forward slash mind forward slash grief dash pandemic dash losses period h t m l period.

In-text Citation

Author Name(s) in Parenthetical Citation:

"Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese" (Parker-Pope).

Author Name(s) in Your Text

According to Parker-Pope," "Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese."

Magazine Article (p. 27)

List the article title in quotes after the author. The magazine title goes after the article title and is italicized. After the publication date, include the Web site name in italics, then the DOI. No DOI? Include the Web link to the article and the date you accessed it.

General Format: Author’s last name comma first name period. Article title in title case and quotation marks period magazine title in title case and italics comma publication day abbreviated month and year comma friendly url period. Description of Citation: Meyer comma David period open quotation marks South Korea Considers Steps to Rein in the Bitcoin Frenzy period close quotation marks Fortune period com in title case and italics comma 13 D e c period 2017 comma fortune period com forward slash crypto forward slash 2017 forward slash 12 forward slash 13 forward slash bitcoin dash regulation dash south dash korea period.

In-text Citation

Author Name(s) in Parenthetical Citation:

"Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese" (Meyer).

Author Name(s) in Your Text

According to Meyer," "Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese."

Blog Entry

List the blog entry in quotation marks after the author's name or username (if name not shown). 

General Format: Author’s last name comma first name period. Article title in italics period Blog title comma publication day month and year comma friendly url period. Description of Citation: Claiborne comma Jenne period. Open quotation marks Cauliflower Samosa Salad plus sign Thoughts on Freedom in title case period close quotation marks. Sweet Potato Soul in title case and italics comma 03 July 2014 comma sweetpotatosoul period com forward slash cauliflower dash samosa dash salad dash thoughts dash on dash freedom forward slash period.

In-text Citation

Author Name(s) in Parenthetical Citation:

"Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese" (Claiborne).

Author Name(s) in Your Text

According to Claiborne," "Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese."

Streaming Video

Streaming Video

Key Elements:

  1. Author/Presenter
  2. "Video Title" (in quotation marks)
  3. Web Site Title (italicized)
  4. Uploader
  5. Upload date
  6. Web site URL or permanent link

Video (Lecture), Streamed on a Sharing Site

General Format: Presenter’s last name comma presenter’s first name period. Open quotation marks video title in title case period close quotation marks. website in italics comma uploaded by name of organization that uploaded the video comma publication month abbreviated period year comma friendly u r l period Description of Citation: Maes comma Pattie period. open quotation marks Unveiling Game hyphen changing Wearable Tech period close quotation marks. YouTube in italics comma uploaded by TED comma 10 Mar period 2009 comma youtu period be forward slash nZ hyphen VjUKAsao period.

In-text Citation

Author Name(s) in Parenthetical Citation:

"Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese" (Maes 00:09:59).

Author Name(s) in Your Text

According to Maes, "Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese" (​00:09:59).

Government Document [5.20; 5.21; 5.118]

List the name of the government first (ex. United States), followed by the department and agency. Spell out "Government Publishing Office."

If there is an individual author listed, list them first. Include the government information after the title.

Government Document - U.S.A.

General Format: United States comma Government agency period. Document title in title case and italics period. publisher comma publication year period. friendly url period. Description of Citation: Office of Management and Budget period Budget of the U period S period Government comma Fiscal Year 2016 in title case and italics period. Government Publishing Office comma 2015 period. w w w period govinfo period gov slash content slash pkg slash BUDGET dash 2016 dash BUD slash pdf slash BUDGET dash 2016 dash BUD period p d f period.

In-text Citation [6.6]

Author Name(s) in Parenthetical Citation:

"Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese" (United States, Office of Management and Budget).

Author Name(s) in Your Text

According to the United States, Office of Management and Budget," "Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese."

Government Document - U.S.A., Named Author(s)

General Format: First author’s last name comma first author’s first name comma and second author’s first and last name period document title in title case and italics period U.S. governmental unit comma comma publication date period. friendly url period. Description of Citation: Stang comma Sharon comma and Emily Thomas period. Developing and Testing the Business Research Survey in title case and italics period. U period S period Bureau of Labor Statistics comma N o v period 2018 period. W w w period bls period gov forward slash osmr forward slash research dash papers forward slash 2018 forward slash pdf forward slash st180040 period pdf period.

In-text Citation

Author Name(s) in Parenthetical Citation:

"Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese" (Stang and Thomas).

Author Name(s) in Your Text

According to Stang and Thomas," "Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese."

Government Document - International

General Format: Government and unit period Document title in title case and italics period. publication date period. friendly url period. Description of Citation: United Nations comma High Commissioner for Refugees period. Global Trends colon Forced Displacement in 2022 in title case and italics period. 14 June 2023 period. Www period unhcr period org forward slash global dash trends dash report dash 2022 period.

In-text Citation [6.6]

Author Name(s) in Parenthetical Citation:

"Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese" (United Nations, High Committee for Refugees).

Author Name(s) in Your Text

According to the United Nations, High Committee for Refugees," "Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese."

Class Materials

Classroom Materials

Classroom materials are handouts, worksheets, slides, etc. created by your instructor for the use of you and your fellow classmates.

Online, Available to Others

Publicly available online infographic/handout created for a specific class.

General Format: Corporate author period. open quotation marks title in title case colon subtitle in title case period close quotation marks. Educational institution comma publication day abbreviated month period year period. U R L period. Description of Citation: U W dash Whitewater Libraries period open quotation marks Information Chart colon Timeliness v s period Depth of Analysis in title case period close quotation marks U of Wisconsin dash Whitewater comma 29 Dec period 2023 period. Libguides period uww period edu forward slash c period php question mark g equal sign 628078 ampersand p equal sign 4872400 period.

In-text Citation

Author Name(s) in Parenthetical Citation:

"Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese" (UW-Whitewater Libraries).

Author Name(s) in Your Text

According to UW-Whitewater Libraries, "Wisconsin has over 600 varieties of cheese."

Website, Entire

For entire websites, the writer/author and publisher are considered one and the same. 

The entire website title is the first element in the citation.

General Format: Website in title case and italics period. Organization (considered both writer and publisher) comma, friendly U R L period. Accessed day abbreviated month period year period. Description of Citation: Digital Collections in title case and italics period. Library of Congress comma, 12 J a n period space 2024, w w w period loc period gov forward slash collections forward slash period.

In-text Citation

Author Name(s) in Parenthetical Citation:

Every page enlightens the reader to the superior color and aroma of Wisconsin cheese (Digital Collections).

Author Name(s) in Your Text

The Digital Collections website is stalwart supporter of Wisconsin cheese.